甘油 Glycerol

物理描述 Physical Description

Clear, colorless, odorless, syrupy liquid or solid (below 64 °F).

颜色/状态 Color/Form

Syrupy, rhombic plates

气味 Odor

MILD ODOR

味道 Taste

Sweet, warm taste

沸点 Boiling Point

290.0 °C

熔点 Melting Point

18.2 °C

闪点 Flash Point

177 °C

溶解度 Solubility

In water, 5.296X10+6 mg/L at 25 °C

密度 Density

A trihydric (polyhydric) alcohol; hygroscopic; density (anhydrous): 1.2653; density (USP): >1.249 at 25 °C/25 °C; density (dynamite): 1.2620

蒸气密度 Vapor Density

3.17 (NTP, 1992) (Relative to Air)

蒸汽压力 Vapor Pressure

1.68X10-4 mm Hg at 25 °C

亨利常数 Henry'S Law Constant

Henry's Law constant = 1.73X10-8 atm cu-m/mol at 25 °C

稳定性/保质期 Stability/Shelf Life

Mixtures of glycerin with water, ethanol (95%), and propylene glycol are chemically stable. Glycerin may crystallize if stored at low temperatures; the crystals do not melt until warmed to 20 °C.

自燃温度 Autoignition Temperature

393 °C

分解 Decomposition

Pure gycerin is not prone to oxidation by the atmosphere under ordinary conditions, but is decomposes on heating with the evolution of toxic acrolein.

粘度 Viscosity

954 CENTIPOISES AT 25 °C; 17 CENTIPOISES AT 25 °C (70% SOLN)

燃烧热 Heat Of Combustion

-4310 cal/g

汽化热 Heat Of Vaporization

160 cal/g

折光率 Refractive Index

Index of refraction: 1.4746 at 20 °C/D

解离常数 Dissociation Constants

pKa = 14.4

保留指数 Kovats Retention Index

2322 ;2314 ;2301.1 ;2300 ;2302.6

其他实验性质 Other Experimental Properties

Specific gravities of 95% aqueous solution w/w (USP grade): 1.25270 at 15 °C/15 °C; 1.25075 at 30 °C/20 °C; 1.24910 at 25 °C/25 °C

辛醇/水分配系数 LogP

-1.76 (LogP)

氢离子浓度指数 pH

Neutral to litmus

化学类 Chemical Classes

Other Classes -> Alcohols and Polyols, Other